Friedman’s ANOVA is the non-parametric version of which test?

Friedman’s ANOVA is the non-parametric version of which test?

• A. Friedman’s ANOVA
• B. Kruskal-Wallis test
• C. Wilcoxon signed-rank test
• D. Mann-Whitney U test

Answer: (A)

Friedman’s ANOVA is the non-parametric alternative to the repeated measures (within-subjects) ANOVA. It’s used when you have the same subjects measured under three or more related conditions and you don’t want to assume that the differences are normally distributed. Instead of comparing means, it ranks the scores within each subject across the conditions and then tests whether those average ranks differ across conditions. If the test shows significant differences, it suggests that at least one condition leads to a different outcome than the others. This approach is ideal when data are ordinal or when the normality assumption for the parametric repeated measures ANOVA is violated. The other tests listed map to different parametric counterparts: Kruskal-Wallis is for independent groups (non-parametric version of one-way ANOVA), Wilcoxon signed-rank matches the paired t-test, and Mann-Whitney U matches the independent t-test.

Friedman’s ANOVA is the non-parametric alternative to the repeated measures (within-subjects) ANOVA. It’s used when you have the same subjects measured under three or more related conditions and you don’t want to assume that the differences are normally distributed. Instead of comparing means, it ranks the scores within each subject across the conditions and then tests whether those average ranks differ across conditions. If the test shows significant differences, it suggests that at least one condition leads to a different outcome than the others. This approach is ideal when data are ordinal or when the normality assumption for the parametric repeated measures ANOVA is violated. The other tests listed map to different parametric counterparts: Kruskal-Wallis is for independent groups (non-parametric version of one-way ANOVA), Wilcoxon signed-rank matches the paired t-test, and Mann-Whitney U matches the independent t-test.